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Certificate in Spoken English

The Spoken English Certificate Course aims to enhance students’ ability to speak with accuracy and fluency in a variety of social and academic situations as well as enhance the participants’ understanding of spoken discourse. It provides motivating activities and meaningful input to maximize communication, increase confidence and stimulate learning. Activities include presentation skills, pronunciation drills, fluency exercises and conversational English.

Module 1: Enhancing Pronunciation Skills

This module is intended to improve the pronunciation of the participants. It will train them to pronounce basic English sounds and help them speak the English language with a knowledge of phonetics word stress, intonation etc.

Module 2: Development of Oral Skills

This module is intended to improve and enrich students’ proficiency in spoken English by enabling them to use vocabulary to express ideas about variety of subjects like travel, personal health, food sports etc. topics to be covered are: casual conversations (greetings, providing and obtaining information), expressing feelings and emotions, introduction to public speaking, handling job interviews, discussions on current issues.

Module 3: Integrated Skills Practice

This module is intended to give students practice in the integrated skills of speaking, listening and reading with main emphasis on speaking skills.

ENGLISH SYLLABUS

Syllabus—MA English

Semester I

Study Skills: The course develops practical skills and strategies to improve academic performances such as: note-taking strategies, presentation skills, formal writing, critical thinking. It will give an introduction to the history of English literature

Classical Poetry

Chaucer: General Prologue.

Wyatt: The Long Love that in my Thought doth Harbour, Whoso List to Hunt, They Flee From Me, I Know where is an Hind, Madam, withouten many Words,

Surrey: My Friend the things that do attain love, Love that doth reign and live within my thought, Wyatt Resteth Here

Elizabethan Drama

William Shakespeare: Othello, The Winter’s Tale

Christopher Marlowe: Doctor Faustus

Greek/Classical Literature

Aristotle: Poetics

Sophocles: Oedipus Rex

Seventeenth Century Poetry

John Donne: Love and Divine Poems

John Milton: Paradise Lost (Books I/IX)

Eighteen Century Novel

Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice

Anthony Trollope: Barchester Towers

Syllabus—MA English

Semester II

Sixteenth Century Prose

Francis Bacon: Of Truth, Of Death, Of Revenge, Of Adversity, Of Simulation and Dissimulation, Of Parents and Children, Of Great Place, Of Nobility, Of Superstition, Of Friendship, Of Ambition, Of Studies

Eighteenth Century Satire

Alexander Pope: The Rape of the Lock

Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels

Nineteenth Century Romantic Poetry

William Blake: Auguries of Innocence, The Sick Rose, London, A Poison Tree, A Divine Image, From Milton: And Did those Feet, Holy Thursday (I), Holy Thursday (II), The Tyger, Ah Sun-flower

S.T. Coleridge: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan, Dejection: An Ode

John Keats: Hyperion Book—I, Ode to Autumn, Ode to Nightingale, Ode on a Grecian Urn,

Nineteenth Century Drama

Anton Chekov: The Cherry Orchard

Henrik Ibsen: Hedda Gabler

Oscar Wilde: The Importance of Being Earnest

Twentieth Century Novel

James Joyce: The Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man

Virginia Woolf: To the Lighthouse

Joseph Conrad: Heart of Darkness

Victorian Novel

George Eliot: Adam Bede

Charles Dickens: A Tale of Two Cities

Thomas Hardy: The Return of the Native

Syllabus MA English

Semester III

Twentieth Century Criticism & Critical Theory

Raymond Williams: Modern Tragedy

Catherine Belsey: Critical Practice, Practical Application of Critical Theory

Twentieth Century Prose

Bertrand Russell: Unpopular Essays

Edward Said: Introduction to Culture and Imperialism

Seamus Heaney: The Redress of Poetry

American poetry

Adrienne Rich: Diving into the Wreck, Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers, Final Notation, Gabriel

Sylvia Plath: Ariel, Morning Song, Poppies in October, The Bee Meeting, The Arrival of the Bee Box

Richard Wilbur: Still Citizen Sparrow, After The Last Bulletin, Marginalia

John Ashbery: Melodic Train, The Painter

American Drama

Eugene O’Neil: Mourning Becomes Electra

Arthur Miller: The Crucible

American Fiction

Ernest Hemingway: For Whom the Bell Tolls

Toni Morrison: Jazz

Research Methodology: MLA Formatting, Documentation styles, Avoiding Plagiarism, Research Paper Writing Techniques

Syllabus MA English

Semester IV

Twentieth Century Poetry

Philip Larkin: Mr. Bleaney, Church Going, Ambulances, MCMXIV 1914

Seamus Heaney: Personal Helicon, The Tollund Man, A Constable Calls, Toome Road, Casting and Gathering

Ted Hughes: The Thought-fox, Chances, That Morning, Full Moon and Little Frieda

Postcolonial Fiction

Ahmed Ali: Twilight in Delhi

Chinua Achebe: Things Fall Apart

Modern drama

Samuel Beckett: Waiting for Godot

Bertolt Bretch: Life of Galileo

Edward Bond: The Sea

Specialization Courses:

Linguistics: Phonology, Morphology, Semantics, Stylistics

Literature Around the World: An Anthology of Poetry

Brian Friel: Translations

Frederico Garcia Lorca: The House of Bernarda Alba

Alexander Solzhenitsyn: One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

Research Paper

(Approximately 10,000 words)

MPhil Programme

This two year programme aims at a comprehensive survey of British, American, Continental, and European and Postcolonial literatures in English.

Semesters
Semester I	§  Research Methodology §  Critical Theory §  Twentieth Century British Literature ?? (Poetry) §  Tragedy
Semester II	§  Stylistics §  European Literature ?? (Drama) §  American Literature §  Comedy
Semester III	§  Postcolonial Literature §  South Asian Literature §  Optional (any two) §  Mid-Eastern Literature §  Literature in Translation §  Travel Writing §  Feminist Literature
Semester IV	§  Thesis

Students must obtain a 2.50 CGPA for the award of the MPhil degree. Only those students who score a 3.00 CGPA may opt for the PhD Programme.

PhD Programme

Upon admission Doctoral students in English are required to undertake 18 credit hours of course work in areas such as Research Methodology, Qualitative Research Writing Skills, Critical Theory, Electronic Resource Management and Research Methods of English Studies. After completion of the course work the student undertakes to write a PhD dissertation of 40,000 to 120,000 words which is an extended scholarly work that makes an original and substantial contribution to the understanding of the its subject. The MLA documentation style is followed. The dissertation is evaluated by two external foreign experts from academically advanced countries as well as internal local examiners. Before submission of the thesis the student is also required to publish at least one research paper from his/her dissertation.

  

Postgraduate Diploma in English Language Teaching (PGD ELT)

The Department offers a one year Postgraduate Diploma in ELT. This is a one year evening programme designed for in-service college/school/university teachers as well as for those fresh graduates who intend to take up teaching as a profession. Classes are held thrice a week from 3-5 p.m. in the English Department. The admissions to this programme are completed by December and the new session begins in January every year.

The programme aims at helping English language teachers to acquire the competence needed for a change of approach from current outdated teaching practice to the application of modern strategies of teaching English. Students are required to participate in group study projects, make presentations and also write a thesis in the final semester.

Postgraduate Diploma in English Language Teaching (PGD ELT)

Semester I

Grammar (3 Credit Hours)

Prescriptive and descriptive grammar, the role of grammar in language teaching, structure, word order, classification of word classes, noun and the noun phrase (definition and structure—categories, pre and post modification), verb and verb phrase (tense and aspect, modality, conditions), adjectives, determiners and numerals, adverbs, prepositions, and types of clauses.

Error analysis (3 Credit Hours)

Types of errors, psycholinguistic theories, process of error analysis, error analysis, and second language learning/teaching, correction and remedial work

Psycholinguistics (3 Credit Hours)

The psychology of learning (behaviourism, mentalism) cognitive psychology and humanistic psychology language acquisition and language development in children. Second language acquisition: theories and problems, individual differences in language learning memory process in language learning learner strategies.

Sociolinguistics (3 Credit Hours)

The scope of sociolinguistics, language standardization, dialects, and varieties, code switching, diglossia, language and culture/language and gender, ESL in Pakistan: historical factors, lanaguge policy, bilingualism, language planning and education.

CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning) (3 Credit Hours)

Introduction to CALL, methodology, integrating CALL into a study programme, introduction to NBLT (network-based language teaching), introduction to computer hardware/software, internet, using text tools in the classroom, exploiting world wide web resources, overview of computer based teaching/learning resources, evaluation/redesigning of internet based classroom resources.

Postgraduate Diploma in English Language Teaching (PGD ELT)

Semester II

ELT Methodology & Skills (3 Credit Hours)

Principal methods of second language teaching and their assessment, teaching of the four skills, modern methods of teaching, listening and speaking skills, micro teaching reading and the sub-skills of reading, teaching writing skills: controlled practice, guided writing and free writing.

Phonetics & Phonology (3 Credit Hours)

Introduction to phonetics: consonants and vowels of English, articulators, stress, intonation (word and connected speech), teaching pronunciation.

Research Methodology (3 Credit Hours)

Introduction to research, methodology: qualities and quantitative, types of research, approaches to educational research, interpretation and analysis of data, introduction to MLA/APA documentation styles

Semester III

Syllabus Design (3 Credit Hours)

Various models of syllabus design: structural, functional, notional, situational, process etc. Course design related to Pakistan’s educational needs, English for academic studies, English for science and technology, material design, adaptation/evaluation of materials, designing supplementary materials, management of large classes

Language Testing (3 Credit Hours)

Aims and characteristics, types of tests and their function: diagnostic tests, proficiency tests, performance tests and achievement tests, characteristics of a good language test: validity, and practicability, testing listening comprehension, oral performance, reading and writing, relating language testing and language learning/teaching.

Teaching Practice/Microteaching (6 Credit Hours)

Lesson planning, observation and evaluation of teaching through micro teaching.

Dissertation (3 Credit Hours)

Each student is required to submit a thesis of 30,000 to 40,000 words exploring significant ELT issues with specific reference to the Pakistani situation.

Diploma in Linguistics

Linguistics is the systematic study of the elements, and the principles of their combination and organization in language. The English Department offers a Diploma in Linguistics to promote the understanding of concepts and techniques of linguistic analysis and the ways in which language is used. It covers all modern linguistic movements.

The one year Diploma is a fully instructional evening programme with classes held thrice a week from 3-5 p.m. in the English Department. Admissions are completed in December and classes begin in January every year. Students are encouraged to participate in workshops and group study projects. The most notable addition is a course on ear training and performance. There is a practical examination in General Linguistics. 

Diploma in Linguistics

Semester I

Fundamental to Linguistics (4 Credit Hours)

Introduction to linguistic terms, principles on which linguistics is based, characteristics of linguistics, an inquiry into the nature of language, major themes in linguistics, branches of linguistics: synchronic and diachronic linguistics, general and descriptive linguistics, applied linguistics, historical linguistics, comparative linguistics.

Morphology and Syntax (3 Credit Hours)

Morphology: Morpheme and morph, inflectional morphology, derivational morphology, morphological processes, items and arrangement model.

Syntax: Immediate constituent analysis, phrase structure grammar, transformational—generative grammar.

Semantics (3 Credit Hours)

Philosophical semantics, structural semantics, major theories in semantics, behaviorists semantics, semantics field, speech acts, componential analysis.

Lexicography (3 Credit Hours)

How to build up dictionaries, types of dictionaries: monolingual dictionaries, bilingual dictionaries, learner dictionaries, and thesaurus.

Semester II

Modern Movements in Linguistics & Semiotics (4 Credit Hours)

Structuralism, functionalism, generativism, behaviourism

Phonetics and Phonology (4 Credit Hours)

Articulatory Phonetics: Vocal organs, places and manner of articulation, vowels and vowel like articulations, consonants.

Acoustic Phonetics: Sound waves, acoustic measurements, spectrographic analysis.

Segmental Phonology: The phoneme as a solution, phonemic analysis and restricting conditions, phonological rules.

Supra Segmental Phonology: Intonation, syllables, length, pitch, motor theory.

Interdisciplinary Areas in Linguistics: (3 Credit Hours)

Psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics.

Diploma in Linguistics

Semester III

Stylistics (3 Credit Hours)

Register: tenor, mode, domain/analysis of text at the phonological, lexical, syntactic, semantic levels/standards of texuality/metrics.

Pragmatics (3 Credit Hours)

Principles of pragmatics/speech acts.

Practical in General Linguistics, Ear Training and Performance (6 Credit Hours)

Certificate in Spoken English

The Spoken English Certificate Course aims to enhance students’ ability to speak with accuracy and fluency in a variety of social and academic situations as well as enhance the participants’ understanding of spoken discourse. It provides motivating activities and meaningful input to maximize communication, increase confidence and stimulate learning. Activities include presentation skills, pronunciation drills, fluency exercises and conversational English. This is a three month course and the class timings are from 5-7 p.m. three days a week held in the Department of English.

Module 1: Enhancing Pronunciation Skills

This module is intended to improve the pronunciation of the participants. It will train them to pronounce basic English sounds and help them speak the English language with a knowledge of phonetics word stress, intonation etc.

Module 2: Development of Oral Skills

This module is intended to improve and enrich students’ proficiency in spoken English by enabling them to use vocabulary to express ideas about variety of subjects like travel, personal health, food sports etc. topics to be covered are: casual conversations (greetings, providing and obtaining information), expressing feelings and emotions, introduction to public speaking, handling job interviews, discussions on current issues.

Module 3: Integrated Skills Practice

This module is intended to give students practice in the integrated skills of speaking, listening and reading with main emphasis on speaking skills.

MA

Syllabus—MA English

Semester I

Study Skills: The course develops practical skills and strategies to improve academic performances such as: note-taking strategies, presentation skills, formal writing, critical thinking. It will give an introduction to the history of English literature

Classical Poetry

Chaucer: General Prologue.

Wyatt: The Long Love that in my Thought doth Harbour, Whoso List to Hunt, They Flee From Me, I Know where is an Hind, Madam, withouten many Words,

Surrey: My Friend the things that do attain love, Love that doth reign and live within my thought, Wyatt Resteth Here

Elizabethan Drama

William Shakespeare: Othello, The Winter’s Tale

Christopher Marlowe: Doctor Faustus

Greek/Classical Literature

Aristotle: Poetics

Sophocles: Oedipus Rex

Seventeenth Century Poetry

John Donne: Love and Divine Poems

John Milton: Paradise Lost (Books I/IX)

Eighteen Century Novel

Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice

Anthony Trollope: Barchester Towers

Syllabus—MA English

Semester II

Sixteenth Century Prose

Francis Bacon: Of Truth, Of Death, Of Revenge, Of Adversity, Of Simulation and Dissimulation, Of Parents and Children, Of Great Place, Of Nobility, Of Superstition, Of Friendship, Of Ambition, Of Studies

Eighteenth Century Satire

Alexander Pope: The Rape of the Lock

Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels

Nineteenth Century Romantic Poetry

William Blake: Auguries of Innocence, The Sick Rose, London, A Poison Tree, A Divine Image, From Milton: And Did those Feet, Holy Thursday (I), Holy Thursday (II), The Tyger, Ah Sun-flower

S.T. Coleridge: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan, Dejection: An Ode

John Keats: Hyperion Book—I, Ode to Autumn, Ode to Nightingale, Ode on a Grecian Urn,

Nineteenth Century Drama

Anton Chekov: The Cherry Orchard

Henrik Ibsen: Hedda Gabler

Oscar Wilde: The Importance of Being Earnest

Twentieth Century Novel

James Joyce: The Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man

Virginia Woolf: To the Lighthouse

Joseph Conrad: Heart of Darkness

Victorian Novel

George Eliot: Adam Bede

Charles Dickens: A Tale of Two Cities

Thomas Hardy: The Return of the Native

Syllabus MA English

Semester III

Twentieth Century Criticism & Critical Theory

Raymond Williams: Modern Tragedy

Catherine Belsey: Critical Practice, Practical Application of Critical Theory

Twentieth Century Prose

Bertrand Russell: Unpopular Essays

Edward Said: Introduction to Culture and Imperialism

Seamus Heaney: The Redress of Poetry

American poetry

Adrienne Rich: Diving into the Wreck, Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers, Final Notation, Gabriel

Sylvia Plath: Ariel, Morning Song, Poppies in October, The Bee Meeting, The Arrival of the Bee Box

Richard Wilbur: Still Citizen Sparrow, After The Last Bulletin, Marginalia

John Ashbery: Melodic Train, The Painter

American Drama

Eugene O’Neil: Mourning Becomes Electra

Arthur Miller: The Crucible

American Fiction

Ernest Hemingway: For Whom the Bell Tolls

Toni Morrison: Jazz

Research Methodology: MLA Formatting, Documentation styles, Avoiding Plagiarism, Research Paper Writing Techniques

Syllabus MA English

Semester IV

Twentieth Century Poetry

Philip Larkin: Mr. Bleaney, Church Going, Ambulances, MCMXIV 1914

Seamus Heaney: Personal Helicon, The Tollund Man, A Constable Calls, Toome Road, Casting and Gathering

Ted Hughes: The Thought-fox, Chances, That Morning, Full Moon and Little Frieda

Postcolonial Fiction

Ahmed Ali: Twilight in Delhi

Chinua Achebe: Things Fall Apart

Modern drama

Samuel Beckett: Waiting for Godot

Bertolt Bretch: Life of Galileo

Edward Bond: The Sea

Specialization Courses:

Linguistics: Phonology, Morphology, Semantics, Stylistics

Literature Around the World: An Anthology of Poetry

Brian Friel: Translations

Frederico Garcia Lorca: The House of Bernarda Alba

Alexander Solzhenitsyn: One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich

Research Paper

(Approximately 10,000 words)

K-2

K-2

Mathematics:

Pre-number concept

Comparison

1.      Bigger-smaller, Longer-shorter, Biggest-smallest, Longest-shortest, Thicker-thinner, Higher-Lower, Highest-Lowest

2.      Capacity: More-Less

3.      Weight: Heavier-Lighter

4.      Concepts to be made clear by using concrete material, pictures and real objects.

Sets

1.      Intuitive concept of sets and members using concrete material and pictures, similar and dissimilar members.

2.      (1-1) matching concept of as many as, more or less by using pictures and concrete material.

3.      Concept of Empty set

Whole numbers and numerals

Natural Numbers (Counting Numbers)

1.      Introduction of Natural Numbers from 1 … 20 by associating them with the given sets of concrete objects and pictures (Similar/Dissimilar)

2.      Writing numerals from 1…20

3.      Counting members of given sets up to 20 (Concrete objects and pictures)

4.      Ordering numbers from 1 … 10. Writing number names up to ten (names in words).

Shapes

1.      Introduction of similar and dissimilar shapes using pictures of familiar objects and geometric shapes (circle, rectangle, triangle, square)

2.      Patterns of shapes

Fractions

1.      Introduction of one half, using geometric shapes

2.      Introduction of one quarter, using geometric shapes

Operations on whole numbers

Addition

1.      Addition by using combining sets: Use of concrete material and pictures

2.      Addition of two numbers (sum up to 18; Abstract)

Subtraction

1.      Subtraction by partitioning a set use of concrete and pictures

2.      Subtraction of numbers represented by digits (1 to 9; Abstract)

Whole numbers & numerals

1.      Writing numerals from 21 to 50

2.      Writing numbers names up to 20

Concept of Time

Morning, Afternoon, Evening, Night and O’clock

Pre-number concept

1.      Revision of work done in K1-B with enhanced conceptual approach

2.      Comparison of more than 3 objects

3.      Set and its members (Revision and continuation)

4.      1-1 matching and equivalent sets

Whole numbers

1.      Revision of work done in K1-B with enhanced conceptual approach

2.      Ordering numbers from 1 to 20

3.      Introduction of Ray

4.      Writing numerals on rays up to 20

5.      Writing number names up to fifty

6.      Recognition of numerals up to 100

7.      Concept of Empty Set and its linkage with zero

8.      Introduction of Place Value: units and tens up to 50 using concrete material and pictures

9.      Addition and subtraction by using ray

10.   Addition of units and tens, sum up to 50 (without exchange) by using concrete material and pictures

11.   Subtraction of units and tens, up to 50 (without exchange) by using concrete material and pictures

12.   Memorizing number names up to hundred

13.   Multiplication of single digit numbers with answers up to 50 (concrete material and pictures)

Shapes

1.      Circle, rectangle, triangle, square, oval and corresponding regions identification by showing such shapes and introducing the term ‘region’

2.      Introduction of locus as path traced by a moving point. Open and closed shapes (Recognition)

Fractions

1.      Introduction of symbols 1 / 2 and 1 /4

2.      Introduction of the concept and symbols for the fractions 1 / 3, 2 / 3, 2 / 4 and 3 / 4

3.      (Demonstration by colouring shapes showing such fractions)

4.      Fractions associated with given shapes. Colouring the portions of the shapes showing above fractions.

Time

1.      Reading and telling time, O’clock and Half past

2.      Names of the days of the week; 1 week = 7 days

3.      Names of the months (solar calendar)

Money

1.      Introduction of currency notes … Rs. 5, Rs. 10, Rs. 50, Rs. 100 and Coins: Rs. 1 and Rs. 2

Shopping

1.      Buying and selling objects by selecting the right amount of money

English:

Comprehension skills (Oral & written)

1.      Simple inferential comprehension whereby the child needs to think of possible reasons why something occurs, i.e., to analyze, reasons, “read between lines”/interpret a picture or description

2.      Finishing sentences by filling in spaces with suitable words

3.      Deciding if a statement is true or false (yes or no, selecting the right word, etc.)

Writing/language skills

1.      Basic vocabulary and correct spellings (alphabet recognition/sequence/sounds/vowels/rhyming words/naming words/adjectives, etc.)

2.      Writing simple, meaningful sentences with given words/given instructions (sentences, imaginative, sequencing a story)

3.      Writing a short description on a given topic

Reasoning:

1.      Logical problem-solving

Urdu:

1.      Oxford urdu kaida – Jugg Magg

2.      Nisabee kitab – AAO Nahalo

3.      Amlee kitab—AAO Nahalo

4.      Haroof-e-tahajee kee pehchan –

5.      Zakheera ilfaaz kee mashkain—

6.      Jorr torr—

7.      Torr jorr—

8.      Imla aur khalee jaga pur karain—

9.      Jamlay banana—

10.   Jamloon mein grammar ka istamaal—

11.   Aasaan aur makamal jumlay banana—

12.   Phaloo aur sabzeeyoon kaa naam—

13.   Gintee Urdu—

14.   Tafheem—

15.   Jasim kay hasay—

16.   Rungoon kay naam—

17.   Tasweery kahanee likhnaa

K-3

K-3

Mathematics:

Pre-number

1.      Reading and writing numerals up to 1000

2.      Writing number names up to hundred

3.      Introduction of hundreds

4.      Arranging numbers (before, after, between)

5.      Introduction of Ordinal Numbers up to 10

6.      Greater and less (use of symbols >,<)

7.      Ascending and descending order up to 99

Addition and Subtraction

1.      Addition up to 99 (without and with exchange by using concrete and pictures)

2.      Addition tables up to 9+9=18

3.      Vertical addition (without and with exchange) up to 99; (Abstract)

4.      Subtraction up to 99 (without and with exchange by using concrete & pictures)

5.      Subtraction tables. Vertical subtraction (without and with exchange up to 99)

6.      Introduction of commutative property of addition by using concrete material, picture and ‘abstract’

7.      Word problems involving addition and subtraction

Money

1.      Shopping up to Rs. 99

2.      Introduction of currency notes: Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000

Multiplication

1.      Multiplication tables (2,3,4 and 5)

2.      Multiplication of single digit numbers (product up to 45) by using concrete, pictures and table (abstract)

3.      Introduction of commutative property of multiplication by using concrete, pictures and table abstract

4.      Multiplication: one number 2,3,4 or 5 and the second a two digit number (product up to 99)

Division

1.      Introduction of the concept of division as equal distribution and equal sharing by using concrete material and pictures (without remainder)

2.      Long division without or with remainder (divisors 2,3,4 or 5) and dividend up to 50 (abstract)

3.      Completing number sequences

4.      Odd and even number up to 100

Shapes

1.      Revision and further knowledge of the following shapes: square, circle, rectangle, triangle, and related regions

2.      Introduction of the terms edges, corners and boundaries of regions

3.      Concept and introduction of the terms locus, curve, open and closed curves, straight locus and line segment. Line segment as the shortest path (locus) between two points

Fractions

1.      Introduction of fractions (only) with denominators up to 9 by showing cut-outs of regions and coloured parts of regions. To introduce terms such as halves, thirds, quarters (fourths), … ,  ninths

Time

1.      Telling and reading time (complete)

2.      1 day = 24 hours, 1 week = 7 days

Calendar

Names of solar months and number of days in different months

English:

Text Books (in current use):

1.      Primary word work (Introductory book)

2.      Primary grammar and punctuation (introductory book)

3.      Primary comprehension (introductory book)

Topics:

1.      Reading

2.      Dictation

3.      Comprehension

4.      Picture composition

5.      Nouns

6.      Verbs

7.      Adjectives

8.      Pronouns

9.      Preposition

10.   Full stop

11.   Question marks

12.   Capital letters

13.   Conjunctions (and & but)

14.   Singular and plurals

15.   Rhyming words

16.   Words/opposites

17.   Jumbled words/sentences

18.   Alphabetical order

19.   Vowels and consonants

20.   Syllables

21.   Compound words

22.   Speech bubbles

23.   Recipe/users’ guide

24.   Caption for a picture

25.   Letter writing and creative writing (writing on a given topics)

Urdu:

1.      Kitab: amlee kitab

2.      Tamaam asbaaq kee parhai

3.      Mushkill ilfaaz kee mashq

4.      Ilfaaz ko tornaa aur jornaa

5.      Jamlay muqammal karna

6.      Imla

7.      Khalee jaga pur karain

8.      Wahid jama aur jamlay banana

9.      Tasweeree Khaka

10.   Tafheem

11.   Dinnoon kay naam

12.   Sabzeeon aur phooloon kay naam

13.   Rungoon kay naam

14.   Ilfaaz kee maddad say tasweery khaka mukamal karain

15.   Muzmoon nigaaree